Additionally, we presumed that sleep will mediate mood and cognitive performances. We hypothesized that the restriction of mobile phone use will help reduce pre-sleep arousal, enable early sleep, and regulate a healthier sleep with good sleep quality. Thus, in our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of restricting mobile phone use before bedtime in college students who have a habit of using a mobile phone before sleep and thus have poor sleep quality. Meanwhile, another study assessed the impact of restricting phone use for one hour before bedtime and found that this restriction could advance lights-out time and increase total sleep-time.
To our knowledge, only Harris et al investigated the effect of restricting the use of electronic media after 22:00 in high school athletes, and they did not find any improvement in sleep habits, athletic performance, cognitive performance, or mood after four weeks of this intervention. Furthermore, these studies report contradictory results. Nevertheless, regarding the effects of restricting mobile phone use around bedtime on sleep, the number of existing randomized-controlled trials is limited. Many cross-sectional studies have investigated the relationship between mobile phone use and sleep. Furthermore, one meta-analysis found that individuals with insomnia exhibit performance impairments in several cognitive functions, including working memory and executive functioning. In addition, sleep loss might impair working memory and vigilant attention. Previous studies found that sleep disorders were associated with mood deficits, and sleep loss led to anger, confusion, anxiety, and depression. Sleep loss, sleep restriction, and sleep disorders might have a negative effect on mood and cognitive functions. Sleep plays an important role in mood cognitive function. In addition, media content or games might induce pre-sleep hyperarousal.
However, this unhealthy habit may lead to delayed bedtime, sleep loss, irregular sleep-wake patterns, poor sleep quality, and increased tiredness during the day. Mobile phone use prior to bedtime or even after lights-out is a common habit among many young adults. Students are the largest group of Chinese Internet users. The number of mobile phone users in China has increased from 0.39 billion in 2012 to 0.72 billion in 2017, accounting for 72.2% in 2012 and 96.3% of the netizens in 2017. Mobile phones have become an essential tool in our daily life in the past decade.
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